1,4 glycosidic bond: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]]1,4 glycosidic bond bonds are formed due to [[Condensation reaction|condensation reactions]] between a [[Hydroxyl|hydroxyl]] residue on carbon-1 and the [[Anomeric|anomeric]] carbon-4 on two [[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]] ([[MONOMERS|monomers]], single units of sugar), to form a [[Disaccharide|disaccharide]] (2 [[Monomer|monomers]] bound together) and subsequently a [[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]] ([[Polymer|polymers]], or many units of [[Sugar|sugars]]). A condensation reaction is when [[Water|water]] is eliminated to form a simple [[Molecule|molecule]]. Later [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysis by]] water molecules will reform the two original monosaccharides. | [[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]]1,4 glycosidic bond bonds are formed due to [[Condensation reaction|condensation reactions]] between a [[Hydroxyl|hydroxyl]] residue on carbon-1 and the [[Anomeric|anomeric]] carbon-4 on two [[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]] ([[MONOMERS|monomers]], single units of sugar), to form a [[Disaccharide|disaccharide]] (2 [[Monomer|monomers]] bound together) and subsequently a [[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]] ([[Polymer|polymers]], or many units of [[Sugar|sugars]]). A [[Condensation_reaction|condensation reaction]] is when [[Water|water]] is eliminated to form a simple [[Molecule|molecule]]. Later [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysis by]] water molecules will reform the two original monosaccharides. | ||
The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types of glycosidic bonds - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the [[Glucose|glucose]] ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref>. When two alpha [[D-glucose|D-glucose]] molecules join together a more commonly occurring [[Isomer|isomer]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] compared to the L-glucose, form a [[Glycosidic bonds|glycosidic linkage]], the term is [[Known|known]] as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>. | The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types of glycosidic bonds - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the [[Glucose|glucose]] ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref>. When two alpha [[D-glucose|D-glucose]] molecules join together a more commonly occurring [[Isomer|isomer]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] compared to the L-glucose, form a [[Glycosidic bonds|glycosidic linkage]], the term is [[Known|known]] as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>. | ||
Revision as of 15:37, 20 October 2017
1,4 glycosidic bond bonds are formed due to condensation reactions between a hydroxyl residue on carbon-1 and the anomeric carbon-4 on two monosaccharides (monomers, single units of sugar), to form a disaccharide (2 monomers bound together) and subsequently a polysaccharide (polymers, or many units of sugars). A condensation reaction is when water is eliminated to form a simple molecule. Later hydrolysis by water molecules will reform the two original monosaccharides.
The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the carbon-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types of glycosidic bonds - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the glucose ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane[1]. When two alpha D-glucose molecules join together a more commonly occurring isomer of glucose compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is known as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond[2].
References
- ↑ Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman
- ↑ Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/