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DNA ligase is an enzyme that anneals [[DNA|DNA]] strands together. It forms a [[Phosphodiester_bond|phosphodiester bond ]]between the [[Complementary_base_pairs|complementary bases]] on two separate DNA strands. [[ATP|ATP]] is hydrolysed in order to release a pyrophosphate, and the [[AMP|AMP]] that is formed attaches to the 5' end. The [[Pyrophosphate|pyrophosphate]] bond activates the 5' end and a [[Phosphodiester bond|phosphodiester bond]] forms between the [[5' phosphate|5' phosphate]] and the [[3' hydroxyl|3' hydroxyl]]. [[DNA_ligase|DNA ligase]] is a crucial element in recombinant technology <ref>Alberts, Bruce. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5th ed. New York: Garland Science, 2008, p 273</ref>.&nbsp;
DNA ligase is an enzyme that anneals [[DNA|DNA]] strands together. It forms a [[Phosphodiester bond|phosphodiester bond between]] the [[Complementary base pairs|complementary bases]] on two separate DNA strands. [[ATP|ATP]] is hydrolysed in order to release a pyrophosphate, and the [[AMP|AMP]] that is formed attaches to the 5' end. The [[Pyrophosphate|pyrophosphate]] bond activates the 5' end and a [[Phosphodiester bond|phosphodiester bond]] forms between the [[5' phosphate|5' phosphate]] and the [[3' hydroxyl|3' hydroxyl]]. [[DNA ligase|DNA ligase]] is a crucial element in recombinant technology<ref>Alberts, Bruce. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5th ed. New York: Garland Science, 2008, p 273</ref>.  


[[DNA_ligase|DNA ligase]] is an enzyme used for the [[Ligation|ligation]] of blunt ended and [[Sticky_ends|sticky ended ]]recombinant fragments or [[Okazaki fragments|Okazaki fragments]]. It works by repairing breaks in the [[Sugar phosphate backbone|sugar phosphate backbone]] in [[DNA|DNA]] by creating a [[Covalent bond|covalent bond]] between adjoining [[Nucleotides|nucleotides]]&nbsp;(between the 3’[[Hydroxyl group|hydroxyl group]] of one DNA [[Molecule|molecule]] with the 5’[[Phosphoryl group|phosphoryl group]] of another)&nbsp;<ref>Hartl D. L., Ruvolo M. (2012), Genetics: Analysis of genes and genomes, Eight Edition, Jones and Bartlett learning (Chapter 2 DNA Structure and Genetic Variation) p440-42</ref>.<br>In [[Eukaryotes|eukaryotes]] [[DNA ligase I|DNA ligase I]] family members play the major role. The enzyme has a fundamental role in [[Recombinant DNA Technology|genetic engineering]] such as&nbsp;[[Recombinant DNA Technology|recombinant plasmid formation]] or [[PCR|Polymerase Chain Reaction]]&nbsp;<ref>Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. and Stryer, L. (2012). Biochemistry, 7 th Edition, New York , W.H.Freeman and Co Ltd. p152-153</ref>. <br>
[[DNA ligase|DNA ligase]] is an enzyme used for the [[Ligation|ligation]] of blunt-ended and [[Sticky ends|sticky ended recombinant]] fragments or [[Okazaki fragments|Okazaki fragments]]. It works by repairing breaks in the [[Sugar phosphate backbone|sugar phosphate backbone]] in [[DNA|DNA]] by creating a [[Covalent bond|covalent bond]] between adjoining [[Nucleotides|nucleotides]] (between the 3’[[Hydroxyl group|hydroxyl group]] of one DNA [[Molecule|molecule]] with the 5’[[Phosphoryl group|phosphoryl group]] of another)<ref>Hartl D. L., Ruvolo M. (2012), Genetics: Analysis of genes and genomes, Eight Edition, Jones and Bartlett learning (Chapter 2 DNA Structure and Genetic Variation) p440-42</ref>. In [[Eukaryotes|eukaryotes]] [[DNA ligase I|DNA ligase I]] family members play the major role. The enzyme has a fundamental role in [[Recombinant DNA Technology|genetic engineering]] such as [[Recombinant DNA Technology|recombinant plasmid formation]] or [[PCR|Polymerase Chain Reaction]]<ref>Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. and Stryer, L. (2012). Biochemistry, 7 th Edition, New York, W.H.Freeman and Co Ltd. p152-153</ref>.  


=== References  ===
=== References  ===


<references /><br>
<references />

Revision as of 19:56, 23 November 2017

DNA ligase is an enzyme that anneals DNA strands together. It forms a phosphodiester bond between the complementary bases on two separate DNA strands. ATP is hydrolysed in order to release a pyrophosphate, and the AMP that is formed attaches to the 5' end. The pyrophosphate bond activates the 5' end and a phosphodiester bond forms between the 5' phosphate and the 3' hydroxyl. DNA ligase is a crucial element in recombinant technology[1].

DNA ligase is an enzyme used for the ligation of blunt-ended and sticky ended recombinant fragments or Okazaki fragments. It works by repairing breaks in the sugar phosphate backbone in DNA by creating a covalent bond between adjoining nucleotides (between the 3’hydroxyl group of one DNA molecule with the 5’phosphoryl group of another)[2]. In eukaryotes DNA ligase I family members play the major role. The enzyme has a fundamental role in genetic engineering such as recombinant plasmid formation or Polymerase Chain Reaction[3].

References

  1. ↑ Alberts, Bruce. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5th ed. New York: Garland Science, 2008, p 273
  2. ↑ Hartl D. L., Ruvolo M. (2012), Genetics: Analysis of genes and genomes, Eight Edition, Jones and Bartlett learning (Chapter 2 DNA Structure and Genetic Variation) p440-42
  3. ↑ Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. and Stryer, L. (2012). Biochemistry, 7 th Edition, New York, W.H.Freeman and Co Ltd. p152-153
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