ATP: Difference between revisions
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ATP ([[Adenosine|adenosine]] triphosphate) is a high energy molecule that is [[Hydrolysed|hydrolysed]] to provide energy for many reactions within the mammalian body. ATP is synthesised in the [[Mitochondria|Mitochondria]] of a [[Cell|cell]], in a process called [[Oxidative phosphorylation|oxidative phosphorylation]], in what is called the [[Electron transfer chain|electron transfer chain]]. ATP is a very important source of energy for many functions. An example is it's usage in [[Glycolysis|glycolysis]], where [[Glucose|glucose]] is converted to [[Pyruvate|pyruvate]]. The [[Molecular|molecular]] structure of ATP constists of three [[Phosphate|phosphate]] groups linked to an [[Adenisine|adenisine]] core.<br> | ATP ([[Adenosine|adenosine]] triphosphate) is a high energy molecule that is [[Hydrolysed|hydrolysed]] to provide energy for many reactions within the mammalian body. ATP is synthesised in the [[Mitochondria|Mitochondria]] of a [[Cell|cell]], in a process called [[Oxidative phosphorylation|oxidative phosphorylation]], in what is called the [[Electron transfer chain|electron transfer chain]]. ATP is a very important source of energy for many functions. An example is it's usage in [[Glycolysis|glycolysis]], where [[Glucose|glucose]] is converted to [[Pyruvate|pyruvate]]. Other cellular uses of ATP are included in [[Muscle|muscle]] contraction, [[Active transport|active transport]] and [[Condensation Reaction|condensation reactions]]. The [[Molecular|molecular]] structure of ATP constists of three [[Phosphate|phosphate]] groups linked to an [[Adenisine|adenisine]] core.<br> | ||
=== ATP Hydrolysis === | === ATP Hydrolysis === | ||
Hydrolysing ATP to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate ADP (adenosine diphosphate)] or further to [[AMP|AMP]] ([[AMP|adenosine monophosphate]]) releases a large amount of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_free_energy free energy], because the [[Phosphoanhydride bonds|phosphoanhydride bonds]] in the [[Molecule|molecule]] are broken <ref>Stryer | Hydrolysing ATP to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate ADP (adenosine diphosphate)] or further to [[AMP|AMP]] ([[AMP|adenosine monophosphate]]) releases a large amount of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_free_energy free energy], because the [[Phosphoanhydride bonds|phosphoanhydride bonds]] in the [[Molecule|molecule]] are broken <ref>Stryer &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;et al.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, 2006, Biochemistry, 5th edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.</ref>. ATP is, however, a very stable molecule and will only release its energy in the presence of [[ATPase|ATPase]].<br> | ||
=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 19:52, 21 November 2011
| Adenosine Triphosphate |
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| Adenine base (Red), Ribose (Pink), Phosphate (Blue) [1] |
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a high energy molecule that is hydrolysed to provide energy for many reactions within the mammalian body. ATP is synthesised in the Mitochondria of a cell, in a process called oxidative phosphorylation, in what is called the electron transfer chain. ATP is a very important source of energy for many functions. An example is it's usage in glycolysis, where glucose is converted to pyruvate. Other cellular uses of ATP are included in muscle contraction, active transport and condensation reactions. The molecular structure of ATP constists of three phosphate groups linked to an adenisine core.
ATP Hydrolysis
Hydrolysing ATP to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) or further to AMP (adenosine monophosphate) releases a large amount of free energy, because the phosphoanhydride bonds in the molecule are broken [2]. ATP is, however, a very stable molecule and will only release its energy in the presence of ATPase.
References
- ↑ http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/atp/atp_text.htm
- ↑ Stryer &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;, 2006, Biochemistry, 5th edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.